1485 |
Henry Tudor, Duke of Richmond defeats Richard III at Bosworth Field, and becomes Henry VII. |
1502 |
James IV of Scotland marries Margaret, daughter of Henry VII. |
1503 |
Giuliano della Rovere becomes Pope Julius II. |
1509 |
Henry VIII succeeds to the throne of England. |
1515 |
Thomas Wolsey, Archbisop of York, is made Lord Chancellor of England. |
1516 |
Mary Tudor born to Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. |
1517 |
Martin Luther objects to the Church practice of selling indulgences in his "95 Theses." |
1521 |
Pope Leo X bestows title 'Defender of the Faith' (Fidei Defensor) on Henry VIII. |
1523 |
Giulio de' Medici becomes Pope Clement VII. |
1527 |
Rome is sacked by troops of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and Pope Clement VII is captured. |
1529 |
Sir Thomas More replaces Thomas Wolsey as Lord Chancellor after Wolsey does not annul Henry's marriage to Catharine of Aragon and delays requesting annulment from the Pope. |
1533 |
Henry VIII marries Anne Boleyn and he is excommunicated by Pope Clement VII. Elizabeth Tudor is born to Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII on the 7th of September. |
1534 |
Parliament passes the Act of Supremacy declaring Henry VIII the "supreme head in earth of the Church of England" as well as the Act of Succession, establishing Elizabeth Tudor as heir to the throne of England. |
1536 |
Anne Boleyn is beheaded for treason on charges of adultery. Henry VIII marries Jane Seymour. |
1537 |
Jane Seymour dies after the birth of Edward Tudor |
1540 |
Henry VIII marries Anne, daughter of the Duke of Cleves. Henry divorces Anne of Cleves and marries Catherine Howard, cousin to Anne Boleyn. |
1542 |
Catherine Howard is executed for treason on charges of adultery. Mary Stuart becomes Queen of Scotland after the death of James V. |
1543 |
Henry VIII marries Lady Latimer, Katherine Parr. |
1544 |
Henry VIII and Charles V invade France. Act of Succession restores Mary Tudor as heir to the throne. |
1547 |
Edward Tudor becomes Edward VI of England. Duke of Somerset, Edward Seymour is Lord Protector. |
1550 |
Duke of Northumberland, John Dudley follows Somerset unofficially as Lord Protector. |
1553 |
Edward's "Letters Patent for the Limitation of the Crown" establishes Lady Jane Grey as next in line for the throne of England. Death of Edward VI. Support for Jane Grey fades and Mary Tudor, daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, is proclaimed Queen of England |
1556 |
Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury, is removed from office and executed for heresy. [link to john foxe, monuments] |
1558 |
Elizabeth Tudor becomes Queen of England upon death of Mary I. |
1559 |
Coronation of Queen Elizabeth on January 15th in Westminster Abbey.
Act of Uniformity is passed, reestablishing Protestantism in England. |
1560 |
Treaty of Berwick between Elizabeth I and Scottish reformers; Treaty of Edinburgh among England, France, and Scotland |
1563 |
"Thirty-Nine Articles" put forth by the Church of England's Convocations which define the doctrinal position of the Church of England |
1567 |
Mary I of Scotland (Mary Queen of Scots) abdicates the throne under pressure.
James Stuart, son of Mary I of Scotland and Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, becomes James VI of Scotland |
1568 |
Mary Queen of Scots flees to England and is held captive by Elizabeth I under Mary's execution in 1587. |
1570 |
Elizabeth excommunicated by Pope Pius V |
1572 |
Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk, executed for role in attempt (Ridolfi Plot) to overthrow Elizabeth in favor of Mary Queen of Scots. |
1586 |
Babington Conspiracy against Elizabeth I involves Mary Queen of Scots.
Archbishop John Whitgift given oversight by Star Chamber of all books and pamphlets to be published |
1587 |
Execution of Mary Queen of Scots for treason.
Francis Drake attacks Spanish fleet at Cadiz, delaying the sailing of the Spanish Armada. |
1588 |
Queen Elizabeth addresses the troops at Tilbury.
The Spanish Armada is attacked and dispersed by Francis Drake and Charles Howard near Gravelines on the coast of Flanders. |
1598 |
Edict of Nantes issued by Henry IV of France provides certain civil freedoms for French Huguenots.
Elizabeth I sends Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex, to Ireland to oppose the rebellion of Hugh O'Neill, the Earl of Tyrone. |
1601 |
The Earl of Essex is executed for leading a conspiracy against Elizabeth I. |
1603 |
Death of Elizabeth I on the 24th of March.
James VI of Scotland becomes King James I of England. |
